Wednesday, 28 January 2026

 

GS–IV ETHICS – PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS

Page–2 : Thinkers, Values & Moral Philosophy

Shaktimatha 369 Learning

PYQ 6. “Gandhian ethics are relevant in modern public administration.” Discuss.

Gandhian ethics is based on truth (Satya), non-violence (Ahimsa), and service to the weakest (Antyodaya). He emphasised purity of means along with noble ends.

In public administration, Gandhian ethics promotes transparency, decentralisation, and people-centric governance. It discourages coercion and encourages moral authority.

Thus, Gandhian ethics remains highly relevant for ethical governance in a democratic society.

PYQ 7. “Discuss the relevance of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar’s ideas in strengthening ethical governance.”

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar emphasised constitutional morality, rule of law, and social justice. He believed that democracy must be supported by ethical conduct.

His ideas guide civil servants to uphold equality, protect fundamental rights, and ensure inclusive governance.

Therefore, Ambedkar’s philosophy forms the ethical backbone of India’s administrative system.

PYQ 8. “Explain the concept of virtue ethics with reference to Aristotle.”

Aristotle’s virtue ethics focuses on character rather than rules or consequences. He advocated the Golden Mean, which emphasises moderation between extremes.

In administration, virtue ethics encourages prudence, fairness, and moral judgement, leading to ethical decision-making.

Thus, virtue ethics highlights the importance of character in public service.

PYQ 9. “Utilitarianism has limitations in public administration.” Critically examine.

Utilitarianism aims at maximum happiness for the maximum number. It supports welfare-oriented policies and cost-benefit analysis.

However, it may ignore minority rights and ethical principles in pursuit of majority benefit.

Therefore, utilitarianism should be balanced with constitutional values and human rights in administration.

PYQ 10. “What are constitutional values? Explain their significance for civil servants.”

Constitutional values include justice, liberty, equality, fraternity, secularism, and rule of law.

These values guide civil servants to act impartially, protect citizens’ rights, and uphold democratic principles.

Adherence to constitutional values ensures ethical governance and public trust.

Examiner’s Notes

  • Link thinkers directly with administration
  • Avoid philosophical jargon
  • Use simple examples and clarity
  • End with governance relevance

End of GS–IV PYQs – Page–2

GS–IV ETHICS – COMPLETE MASTER LIBRARY

UPSC / UPPSC | Ethics, Integrity & Aptitude

Shaktimatha 369 Learning
Foundation • Thinkers • Case Studies • PYQs • Rank Booster

📘 SECTION A: CORE ETHICS SYLLABUS (FOUNDATION)

📚 SECTION B: THINKERS & MORAL PHILOSOPHY

🏛️ SECTION C: INTEGRITY, PROBITY & CIVIL SERVICES

🧩 SECTION D: CASE STUDIES (MODEL & ADVANCED)

📝 SECTION E: PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS (PYQs)

🎯 SECTION F: REVISION, ENRICHMENT & RANK BOOSTERS

📌 HOW TO USE THIS LIBRARY

  1. Start with Foundation (Section A)
  2. Cover Thinkers & Values (Section B)
  3. Strengthen Integrity topics (Section C)
  4. Master Case Studies (Section D)
  5. Practice PYQs (Section E)
  6. Finish with Revision & Rank Booster (Section F)

GS–IV ETHICS – COMPLETE MASTER LIBRARY
Built with discipline • clarity • examiner perspective
Shaktimatha 369 Learning

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