🗺️ Geography Optional – Paper II
Map-Based PYQs (Draw a Map & Explain)
Page – 2
UPSC / UPPSC | Shaktimatha 369 Learning
Q6. On an outline map of India, show major flood-prone regions and explain their causes.
Map to Draw (label 4–6):
- Ganga–Brahmaputra plains
- Assam valley
- Eastern coastal plains
- Western coastal rivers (short & swift)
Answer:
Flood-prone regions in India are shaped by monsoonal rainfall, snowmelt, low gradients and siltation. The Ganga–Brahmaputra plains receive intense rainfall and carry heavy sediment loads, while coastal plains face cyclonic rainfall and storm surges.
Conclusion:
Integrated basin management and floodplain zoning are essential to reduce flood losses.
Q7. Draw a map showing cyclone-prone regions of India and discuss their impacts.
Map to Draw:
- Bay of Bengal coast (Odisha–AP–TN)
- Arabian Sea coast (Gujarat)
- Typical cyclone tracks
Answer:
Cyclones affect India mainly along the eastern coast due to warm waters of the Bay of Bengal. Impacts include storm surges, flooding, crop damage and infrastructure loss.
Conclusion:
Early warning systems and resilient coastal planning have reduced fatalities in recent years.
Q8. On a map of India, mark earthquake zones and explain the reasons for seismicity.
Map to Draw:
- Himalayan belt (Zone IV–V)
- North-East India
- Kutch region
- Andaman & Nicobar Islands
Answer:
India’s seismicity is linked to plate tectonics, particularly the collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates, along with intra-plate stresses in peninsular regions.
Conclusion:
Earthquake-resistant construction and preparedness are crucial in high-risk zones.
Q9. Draw a map showing major climatic regions of India and explain their characteristics.
Map to Draw:
- Tropical wet (Western Ghats)
- Tropical dry (Deccan)
- Humid subtropical (Northern plains)
- Arid (Rajasthan)
- Mountain climate (Himalayas)
Answer:
India’s climate ranges from tropical to alpine, controlled by latitude, altitude and monsoon circulation. These regions influence agriculture, settlements and resource use.
Conclusion:
Climatic diversity explains India’s ecological and economic variations.
Q10. On an outline map, show major industrial regions of India and discuss their locational factors.
Map to Draw:
- Chota Nagpur region
- Mumbai–Pune region
- Ahmedabad–Vadodara region
- Delhi–NCR
- Visakhapatnam–Guntur
Answer:
Industrial regions are located based on raw materials, power, transport, labour and markets. The Chota Nagpur region benefits from mineral resources, while coastal regions gain from ports and trade.
Conclusion:
Balanced industrial dispersal is vital to reduce regional disparities.
Examiner’s Shortcut:
4–6 labels + clear linkage to the answer = full map credit
End of Map-Based PYQs – Page 2
Shaktimatha 369 Learning
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