🗺️ Geography Optional – Paper II
Map-Based PYQs (Draw a Map & Explain)
Page – 1
UPSC / UPPSC | Shaktimatha 369 Learning
Q1. Draw a map of India and explain the major physiographic divisions.
Map to Draw:
- Himalayan Mountains
- Northern Plains
- Peninsular Plateau
- Indian Desert
- Coastal Plains
- Islands
Answer:
India is divided into six major physiographic regions, each with distinct relief, structure and economic significance.
- Himalayas: Young fold mountains acting as climatic and physical barrier
- Northern Plains: Fertile alluvial plains supporting dense population
- Peninsular Plateau: Ancient stable block rich in minerals
- Indian Desert: Arid region with sparse vegetation
- Coastal Plains: Important for ports and fisheries
- Islands: Strategic and ecological importance
Conclusion:
Physiographic diversity explains India’s varied climate, resources and settlement patterns.
Q2. Draw a map showing major Himalayan ranges and passes. Explain their significance.
Map to Draw:
- Greater Himalaya (Himadri)
- Lesser Himalaya (Himachal)
- Shiwalik Range
- Nathu La, Zoji La, Shipki La
Answer:
The Himalayan ranges form a complex mountain system with immense climatic, hydrological and strategic importance.
- Control monsoon rainfall
- Source of perennial rivers
- Natural defence barrier
- Mountain passes facilitate trade and defence
Conclusion:
The Himalayas are vital for India’s ecological balance and geopolitical security.
Q3. On an outline map of India, show major river systems and discuss their economic importance.
Map to Draw:
- Indus system
- Ganga system
- Brahmaputra system
- Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri
Answer:
Indian rivers support agriculture, industry, hydropower generation and settlement.
- Provide irrigation and fertile alluvium
- Enable inland navigation
- Support hydroelectric projects
Conclusion:
River systems are lifelines of India’s economy, requiring sustainable management.
Q4. Draw a map showing monsoon paths and explain the mechanism of Indian monsoon.
Map to Draw:
- South-West Monsoon branches
- Arabian Sea branch
- Bay of Bengal branch
Answer:
The Indian monsoon results from seasonal wind reversal caused by differential heating of land and sea.
- Brings nearly 75% of annual rainfall
- Determines agricultural calendar
- Controls water availability
Conclusion:
Monsoon remains the backbone of India’s economy and food security.
Q5. Draw a map showing major drought-prone regions of India and explain their causes.
Map to Draw:
- Rajasthan
- Bundelkhand
- Vidarbha
- Rayalaseema
Answer:
Drought-prone regions of India experience low and erratic rainfall.
- Monsoon variability
- High evapotranspiration
- Over-extraction of groundwater
Conclusion:
Integrated drought management and water conservation are essential for resilience.
Examiner’s Rule:
Draw first → Label clearly → Explain concisely → Conclude smartly
End of Map-Based PYQs – Page 1
Shaktimatha 369 Learning
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