Class 10 Science
Previous Board Examination – Full Solved Answers (Set 1)
The following answers are written in a student exam-writing style to help score maximum marks in the CBSE Board Examination.
Section A – MCQs (Answers)
1. Oxygen
2. Nephron
3. Acetic acid
4. Ampere
5. Convex mirror
6. Pollination
7. Sodium
8. 7
9. Kinetic energy
10. Cerebrum
Section B – Very Short Answer
11. Define photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants prepare their own food using carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll.
12. Write the chemical formula of washing soda.
The chemical formula of washing soda is Na₂CO₃·10H₂O.
13. State Ohm’s law.
Ohm’s law states that at constant temperature, the current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference across its ends.
14. What is puberty?
Puberty is the stage of life when the body undergoes physical and hormonal changes and attains reproductive maturity.
15. Name the hormone that regulates blood sugar level.
The hormone that regulates blood sugar level is Insulin.
Section C – Short Answer
16. Explain the process of respiration in human beings.
Respiration in human beings occurs in the following steps:
- Breathing: Intake of oxygen and release of carbon dioxide.
- Oxygen is transported by blood to body cells.
- In cells, oxygen breaks down glucose to release energy.
Carbon dioxide produced is transported back to lungs and exhaled.
17. Write three differences between acids and bases.
| Acids | Bases |
|---|---|
| Produce H⁺ ions in water | Produce OH⁻ ions in water |
| Sour in taste | Bitter in taste |
| Turn blue litmus red | Turn red litmus blue |
18. State three laws of reflection.
- The incident ray, reflected ray and normal lie in the same plane.
- Angle of incidence is equal to angle of reflection.
- The incident ray and reflected ray are on opposite sides of the normal.
19. Describe the structure of a nephron.
A nephron consists of:
- Bowman’s capsule
- Glomerulus
- Renal tubule
It helps in filtration, reabsorption and urine formation.
(Neat labelled diagram should be drawn in the exam)
20. Explain how sound is produced in human beings.
Sound is produced in humans by vibration of vocal cords present in the larynx. When air passes through them, they vibrate and produce sound.
21. What is biodegradable waste? Give examples.
Biodegradable waste is waste that can be decomposed by microorganisms.
Examples: Vegetable peels, paper, leaves.
Section D – Long Answer
22. Explain the process of photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis occurs in green plants and involves the following steps:
- Absorption of light energy by chlorophyll.
- Conversion of light energy into chemical energy.
- Reduction of carbon dioxide to carbohydrates.
Chemical equation:
6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
(Draw neat labelled diagram of leaf)
23. Describe reproduction in flowering plants.
Reproduction in flowering plants occurs through:
- Pollination
- Fertilisation
- Seed formation
After fertilisation, seeds are formed which grow into new plants.
24. Derive the formula for electric power.
Electric power = Work done / Time
P = VI
Using Ohm’s law (V = IR),
P = I²R
25. Explain the working of the human eye.
The human eye forms images on the retina.
- Cornea helps in refraction of light.
- Lens focuses light on retina.
- Retina converts image into electrical signals.
- Brain interprets the image.
(Neat labelled diagram to be drawn)
Section E – Case Study Based
26. Rusting
a) Rusting is the process in which iron reacts with air and moisture to form rust.
b) Painting and galvanisation prevent rusting.
c) Rusting damages iron objects and reduces their strength.
Shaktimatha CBSE Learning
Class 10 Science – Previous Board Exam Full Answers (Set 1)
⬅️ Back to Class 10 Science Library
🔬 Class 10 Science – Previous Board Question Papers & Full Answers
This complete library is designed for Class 10 CBSE students to practise previous board exam papers and learn how to write perfect answers in Physics, Chemistry, and Biology.
📝 Previous Board Question Papers
- Question Paper – Set 1
- Question Paper – Set 2
- Question Paper – Set 3
- Question Paper – Set 4
- Question Paper – Set 5
✍️ Full Answers (Student Writing Style)
- Full Answers – Set 1
- Full Answers – Set 2
- Full Answers – Set 3
- Full Answers – Set 4
- Full Answers – Set 5
📚 Additional Board Sets (Practice)
- Additional Question Paper – Set 1A
- Additional Full Answers – Set 1A
- Additional Question Paper – Set 2A
- Additional Full Answers – Set 2A
- Additional Question Paper – Set 3A
- Additional Full Answers – Set 3A
✔ First attempt the question paper on your own
✔ Then compare with full answers
✔ Observe diagrams, keywords, and steps
✔ Practise again to improve speed and accuracy
Prepared with dedication by Shaktimatha Learning ✨
Clear concepts • Exam confidence • Board success
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