📘 Geography Optional – Paper I
Page 11 – Soil Geography: Formation, Types & Degradation
Q1. Define Soil and explain its components. (10 Marks)
- Mineral matter
- Organic matter (Humus)
- Water
- Air
Q2. Explain the factors of Soil Formation (CLORPT). (15 Marks)
- Climate
- Organisms
- Relief
- Parent Material
- Time
Q3. Describe the Soil Profile and its horizons. (15 Marks)
- O Horizon – Organic layer
- A Horizon – Topsoil
- B Horizon – Subsoil
- C Horizon – Weathered parent material
- R Horizon – Bedrock
Q4. Differentiate between Zonal and Azonal soils. (10 Marks)
| Zonal Soils | Azonal Soils |
|---|---|
| Climate controlled | Transported soils |
| Well-developed profile | Weak profile |
Q5. Explain Laterisation process. (10 Marks)
- High temperature & rainfall
- Leaching of silica
- Iron & aluminium accumulation
Q6. Discuss Podzolisation process. (10 Marks)
- Cold & humid climate
- Leaching of bases
- Acidic soils
Q7. Explain Soil Erosion and its types. (15 Marks)
- Sheet erosion
- Rill erosion
- Gully erosion
- Wind erosion
Q8. Discuss soil conservation methods. (15 Marks)
- Contour ploughing
- Terracing
- Afforestation
- Check dams
Q9. What is Soil Salinity and Alkalinity? (10 Marks)
- Excess salt accumulation
- Poor irrigation practices
- Reduced fertility
Q10. Evaluate the importance of soil in sustainable development. (15 Marks)
- Food security
- Carbon storage
- Water filtration
- Ecosystem stability
📊 Page 11 Complete | Total Questions So Far: 110 / 1000
.png)
No comments:
Post a Comment