Geography Optional Paper II – Page 11
Regional Planning & Regional Development in India
1. Meaning of Regional Planning
Regional planning refers to the process of organizing space and resources within a region to achieve balanced socio-economic development and reduce regional disparities.
2. Objectives of Regional Planning
- Balanced regional development
- Reduction of regional inequalities
- Optimal utilization of resources
- Spatial justice and social equity
3. Types of Planning Regions
- Administrative regions – States, districts
- Natural regions – River basins, agro-climatic zones
- Functional regions – Metropolitan and industrial regions
- Planning regions – Identified for development purposes
4. Regional Disparities in India
- Inter-state disparities – BIMARU vs developed states
- Intra-state disparities – coastal vs interior regions
- Rural-urban divide
- Tribal and hill area backwardness
5. Causes of Regional Imbalances
- Historical factors and colonial legacy
- Uneven resource distribution
- Infrastructure inequality
- Policy bias towards developed regions
6. Growth Pole & Growth Centre Theory
- Proposed by François Perroux
- Development spreads from core to periphery
- Applied in industrial corridors and SEZs
7. Regional Development Strategies in India
- Five Year Plans
- Backward Area Development Programme
- Aspirational Districts Programme
- Special Category States support
8. Integrated Regional Development
- Holistic approach – economic, social, environmental
- Bottom-up planning
- Decentralisation and local governance
9. Previous Year Question (Model)
“Discuss the problem of regional imbalance in India and evaluate the role of planning in reducing it.”
10. Answer Writing Tips
- Use India map for backward regions
- Quote government programmes
- Link theory with Indian examples
🗺️ Shaktimatha Learning | Geography Optional – Regional Planning
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