🟢 Geography Optional – Prelims Level
Oceanography & Marine Geography (UPSC Favourite)
Page – 9
UPSC / UPPSC | Shaktimatha 369 Learning
Q55. Which one of the following ocean currents is a warm current?
- A. Labrador Current
- B. Canary Current
- C. Gulf Stream
- D. Peru Current
Correct Answer: C. Gulf Stream
Explanation:
The Gulf Stream is a warm ocean current that carries heat from the Gulf of Mexico towards the North Atlantic, moderating the climate of Western Europe.
Q56. Which of the following best explains the phenomenon of upwelling?
- A. Rising of warm surface water
- B. Sinking of surface water
- C. Rising of cold, nutrient-rich water from below
- D. Mixing of fresh and saline water
Correct Answer: C. Rising of cold, nutrient-rich water from below
Explanation:
Upwelling brings nutrient-rich deep water to the surface, enhancing marine productivity and fisheries.
Q57. Which of the following regions is known for rich fishing grounds due to upwelling?
- A. Eastern coast of India
- B. Western coast of South America
- C. Bay of Bengal
- D. Arabian Sea during winter
Correct Answer: B. Western coast of South America
Explanation:
The Peru (Humboldt) Current causes strong upwelling along the western coast of South America, making it one of the richest fishing regions in the world.
Q58. Which ocean has the highest average salinity?
- A. Pacific Ocean
- B. Atlantic Ocean
- C. Indian Ocean
- D. Southern Ocean
Correct Answer: B. Atlantic Ocean
Explanation:
The Atlantic Ocean has the highest average salinity due to high evaporation and restricted freshwater inflow in many regions.
Q59. Which one of the following factors increases salinity of seawater?
- A. High precipitation
- B. River inflow
- C. Melting of ice
- D. High evaporation
Correct Answer: D. High evaporation
Explanation:
Evaporation removes water but leaves salts behind, thereby increasing salinity.
Q60. Which of the following oceanic features is the deepest?
- A. Continental shelf
- B. Mid-oceanic ridge
- C. Ocean trench
- D. Abyssal plain
Correct Answer: C. Ocean trench
Explanation:
Ocean trenches like the Mariana Trench are the deepest parts of the ocean floor, formed due to subduction of tectonic plates.
Q61. Which sea is known as the “Sargasso Sea”?
- A. A marginal sea
- B. A sea surrounded by land
- C. A sea without land boundaries
- D. A polar sea
Correct Answer: C. A sea without land boundaries
Explanation:
The Sargasso Sea is bounded by ocean currents, not by land, and is located in the North Atlantic Ocean.
UPSC Oceanography Tip:
Warm vs cold currents + upwelling + salinity
= repeated prelims questions.
End of Prelims Level – Page 9
Shaktimatha 369 Learning
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