📘 Geography Optional – Paper I
Page 8 – Oceanography: Ocean Relief, Temperature & Salinity
Q1. Describe the major relief features of the ocean floor. (15 Marks)
- Continental Shelf
- Continental Slope
- Abyssal Plains
- Mid-Oceanic Ridges
- Oceanic Trenches
Q2. Explain the formation of Mid-Oceanic Ridges. (15 Marks)
- Divergent plate boundaries
- Sea-floor spreading
- Basaltic lava formation
Q3. What are Oceanic Trenches? Discuss their significance. (10 Marks)
- Deepest parts of oceans
- Subduction zones
- Associated with earthquakes & tsunamis
Q4. Discuss the factors affecting Ocean Temperature. (15 Marks)
- Latitude
- Prevailing winds
- Ocean currents
- Upwelling & Downwelling
Q5. Explain Thermocline and its importance. (10 Marks)
- Rapid decrease of temperature with depth
- Separates surface & deep water
- Important for marine life
Q6. What controls Salinity distribution in oceans? (15 Marks)
- Evaporation
- Precipitation
- River discharge
- Ice formation
Q7. Differentiate between Warm and Cold Ocean Currents. (10 Marks)
| Warm Current | Cold Current |
|---|---|
| Moves from equator to poles | Moves from poles to equator |
| Increases coastal temperature | Causes cooling & fog |
Q8. Explain the concept of Upwelling. (10 Marks)
- Rising of deep cold water
- Nutrient-rich
- Supports fisheries
Q9. Discuss the importance of Continental Shelf. (10 Marks)
- Rich fishing grounds
- Petroleum & natural gas reserves
- Major economic zone
Q10. Evaluate the role of oceans in climate regulation. (15 Marks)
- Heat storage
- Carbon absorption
- Monsoon influence
- Global circulation system
📊 Page 8 Complete | Total Questions So Far: 80 / 1000
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