📘 Geography Optional – Paper I
Page 5 – Climatology: Atmospheric Structure & Insolation
Q1. Describe the structure of the atmosphere. (15 Marks)
- Troposphere – Weather phenomena
- Stratosphere – Ozone layer
- Mesosphere – Meteors burn
- Thermosphere – Ionosphere
- Exosphere – Outer boundary
Q2. Explain the significance of the Ozone Layer. (10 Marks)
- Absorbs harmful UV radiation
- Protects life on Earth
- Threatened by CFCs
Q3. What is Insolation? Discuss factors affecting it. (15 Marks)
- Angle of incidence
- Duration of sunshine
- Distance from Sun
- Atmospheric transparency
Q4. Explain the Heat Budget of the Earth. (15 Marks)
- Incoming solar radiation
- Outgoing terrestrial radiation
- Albedo effect
- Greenhouse gases
Q5. Differentiate between Weather and Climate. (10 Marks)
| Weather | Climate |
|---|---|
| Short-term condition | Long-term average |
| Changes daily | Stable pattern |
Q6. Explain the Greenhouse Effect. (15 Marks)
- Carbon dioxide
- Methane
- Water vapour
- Global warming impact
Q7. What is Temperature Inversion? (10 Marks)
Temperature increases with altitude instead of decreasing.
- Radiation inversion
- Advection inversion
- Frontal inversion
Q8. Explain Latitudinal Heat Balance. (15 Marks)
- Equator receives excess heat
- Poles receive deficit heat
- Atmospheric & oceanic circulation balance it
Q9. Discuss the role of Earth's rotation in climate formation. (10 Marks)
- Coriolis force
- Wind deflection
- Pressure belts formation
Q10. Explain the importance of climatology in disaster management. (15 Marks)
- Cyclone forecasting
- Heatwaves
- Cold waves
- Climate change adaptation
📊 Page 5 Complete | Total Questions So Far: 50 / 1000
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