🟢 Geography Optional – Prelims Level
Previous Questions & Answers (Environment, Climate & Disasters)
Page – 5
UPSC / UPPSC | Shaktimatha 369 Learning
Q27. Which one of the following is a greenhouse gas?
- A. Nitrogen
- B. Oxygen
- C. Carbon dioxide
- D. Argon
Correct Answer: C. Carbon dioxide
Explanation:
Greenhouse gases trap outgoing longwave radiation. Carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide are major contributors to global warming.
Q28. Consider the following statements about El Niño:
1. It is associated with warming of the eastern Pacific Ocean.
2. It weakens the Indian southwest monsoon.
3. It occurs every year.
- A. 1 and 2 only
- B. 2 and 3 only
- C. 1 and 3 only
- D. 1, 2 and 3
Correct Answer: A. 1 and 2 only
Explanation:
El Niño occurs irregularly every 2–7 years and is marked by abnormal warming of Pacific waters, often leading to weak monsoon rainfall in India.
Q29. Which of the following natural hazards is primarily caused by plate tectonics?
- A. Cyclone
- B. Flood
- C. Earthquake
- D. Drought
Correct Answer: C. Earthquake
Explanation:
Earthquakes result from sudden release of energy along faults due to tectonic plate movements.
Q30. Which one of the following regions is most vulnerable to floods in India?
- A. Western Rajasthan
- B. Ladakh Plateau
- C. Brahmaputra Valley
- D. Deccan Plateau
Correct Answer: C. Brahmaputra Valley
Explanation:
Heavy monsoon rainfall, snowmelt, and a braided river system make the Brahmaputra Valley highly flood-prone.
Q31. Which of the following statements about mangrove forests is correct?
- A. They grow in freshwater regions
- B. They protect coastal areas from cyclones
- C. They are found only in temperate regions
- D. They grow in arid climates
Correct Answer: B. They protect coastal areas from cyclones
Explanation:
Mangroves act as natural buffers, reducing the impact of cyclones, storm surges and coastal erosion.
Q32. Which international agreement aims to limit global temperature rise well below 2°C?
- A. Kyoto Protocol
- B. Montreal Protocol
- C. Paris Agreement
- D. Ramsar Convention
Correct Answer: C. Paris Agreement
Explanation:
The Paris Agreement (2015) seeks to limit global temperature rise to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels.
Prelims–Current Affairs Link:
UPSC increasingly mixes environment,
climate change and geography in one question.
End of Prelims Level – Page 5
Shaktimatha 369 Learning
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